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Light upon Light in Andalusī Sufism: Abū l-Ḥakam Ibn Barrajān (d. 536/1141) and Muḥyī l-Dīn Ibn al-ʿArabī (d. 638/1240) as Developer of His Hermeneutics. Part 1: Ibn Barrajān's Life and Works


Seiten 87 - 116

DOI https://doi.org/10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.163.1.0087




Summary

Abū l-Ḥakam Ibn Barrajān (?-536/1141) was one of the leading Sufi scholars of al-Andalus. His ancestors were from the Maghrib and entered al-Andalus during the emirate of al-Muʿtaḍid ʿAbbād b. Muḥammad (r. 434/1042–451/1069) of the ʿAbbādids (r. 414/1023–484/1091). Ibn Barrajān was probably born in Ishbīliya (Seville) in al-Andalus. Along with Abū l-ʿAbbās Ibn al-ʿArīf (d. 536/1141), he was a close follower of Ibn Masarra (d. 319/931). However, much more than Ibn Masarra, he came under the influence of al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111), so much so that he was called the “al-Ghazālī of al-Andalus”. Although there is no consensus in the medieval sources, it is understood from what al-Dhahabī (d. 748/1347) says that, because of the suspicion that he might be a potential opponent to the Almoravid regime, he was arrested by Sultan ʿAlī b. Yūsuf al-Tāshufīn (r. 500/1106–537/1142) and subsequently imprisoned, and that he died in prison in the year 536/1141, a date generally accepted by scholars. His works include Sharḥ Maʿānī asmāʾ Allāh al-ḥusnā / Tarjumān lisān al-Ḥaqq, Kitāb Īḍāḥ al-ḥikma, Tafsīr Ibn Barrajān and al-Irshād fī l-Qurʾān al-karīm. In his works, Ibn Barrajān often referred to the science of letters and frequently used certain terms and expressions unique in his time. These include “waḥdat al-kathra” (Unity—or Oneness—of Multiplicity), ‘al-ʿabd al-kullī” (universal servant) or “al-insān al-kullī” (universal man), and “al-Ḥaqq al-makhlūq bihi l-samāwāt wa-l-arḍ” (the Divine Reality through Whom the creation of the heavens and the earth takes place)—i. e., a notion that occupies an important place in the teachings of the renowned Sufi philosopher Muḥyī l-Dīn Ibn al-ʿArabī (d. 638/1240). In fact, through Ibn al-ʿArabī we can observe a continuity and development of Ibn Barrajān's views.

Konya

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